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                    button按钮
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.6" data-path="../elements/option.html">
            
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                    option选项
            
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        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.7" data-path="../elements/video.html">
            
                <a href="../elements/video.html">
            
                    
                    video,audio音视频
            
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                                <h1 id="&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6982;&#x8FF0;">&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6982;&#x8FF0;</h1>
<h2 id="&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;">&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;</h2>
<p>&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x6307;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;JavaScript &#x53EA;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;JavaScript &#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x90FD;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x6392;&#x961F;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;JavaScript &#x53EA;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4EE3;&#x8868; JavaScript &#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x4E8B;&#x5B9E;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;JavaScript &#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF08;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x914D;&#x5408;&#x3002;</p>
<p>JavaScript &#x4E4B;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x591A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x8DDF;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x3002;JavaScript &#x4ECE;&#x8BDE;&#x751F;&#x8D77;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x8BA9;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x592A;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x591A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3001;&#x4E14;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5F7C;&#x6B64;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x7F51;&#x9875;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x592A;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C; JavaScript &#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5728;&#x7F51;&#x9875; DOM &#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x4EE5;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E3A;&#x51C6;&#xFF1F;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x8FD8;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x9501;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#xFF1F;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;JavaScript &#x4E00;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x95E8;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7684;&#x6838;&#x5FC3;&#x7279;&#x5F81;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x6765;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x597D;&#x5904;&#x662F;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x5355;&#x7EAF;&#xFF1B;&#x574F;&#x5904;&#x662F;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x8017;&#x65F6;&#x5F88;&#x957F;&#xFF0C;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x90FD;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x6392;&#x961F;&#x7B49;&#x7740;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x62D6;&#x5EF6;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x65E0;&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#xFF08;&#x5047;&#x6B7B;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5F80;&#x5F80;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x67D0;&#x4E00;&#x6BB5; JavaScript &#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x957F;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x6B7B;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x5361;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;JavaScript &#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x6162;&#xFF0C;&#x6162;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x7B49;&#x5F85; Ajax &#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5BF9;&#x65B9;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x8FDF;&#x8FDF;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x4E0D;&#x901A;&#x7545;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x957F;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x505C;&#x6EDE;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6392;&#x961F;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x91CF;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;CPU &#x5FD9;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x5012;&#x4E5F;&#x7B97;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x65F6;&#x5019; CPU &#x662F;&#x95F2;&#x7740;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A; IO &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF08;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF09;&#x5F88;&#x6162;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982; Ajax &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x4ECE;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x5F97;&#x4E0D;&#x7B49;&#x7740;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x5F80;&#x4E0B;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;JavaScript &#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x8005;&#x610F;&#x8BC6;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6; CPU &#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1; IO &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x6302;&#x8D77;&#x5904;&#x4E8E;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x7B49;&#x5230; IO &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E86;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x56DE;&#x8FC7;&#x5934;&#xFF0C;&#x628A;&#x6302;&#x8D77;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E0B;&#x53BB;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x5C31;&#x662F; JavaScript &#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x201C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x201D;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#xFF08;Event Loop&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x5BF9; JavaScript &#x6784;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x5F88;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x4E5F;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x4F7F;&#x5B83;&#x5177;&#x5907;&#x4E86;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x4E0D;&#x5177;&#x5907;&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x52BF;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7528;&#x5F97;&#x597D;&#xFF0C;JavaScript &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x5835;&#x585E;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48; Node &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x5F88;&#x5C11;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x4ED8;&#x5927;&#x6D41;&#x91CF;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x591A;&#x6838; CPU &#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#xFF0C;HTML5 &#x63D0;&#x51FA; Web Worker &#x6807;&#x51C6;&#xFF0C;&#x5141;&#x8BB8; JavaScript &#x811A;&#x672C;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5B50;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x53D7;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x5F97;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C; DOM&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6539;&#x53D8; JavaScript &#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x672C;&#x8D28;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x548C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;">&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x548C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;</h2>
<p>&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x91CC;&#x9762;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5206;&#x6210;&#x4E24;&#x7C7B;&#xFF1A;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF08;synchronous&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF08;asynchronous&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x662F;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x6302;&#x8D77;&#x3001;&#x5728;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E0A;&#x6392;&#x961F;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x524D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x662F;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x88AB;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x8FB9;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x3001;&#x800C;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982; Ajax &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x4ECE;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF08;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#xFF09;&#x624D;&#x4F1A;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x6392;&#x5728;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7ED3;&#x675F;&#x4F1A;&#x9A6C;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E0D;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x201C;&#x5835;&#x585E;&#x201D;&#x6548;&#x5E94;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E3E;&#x4F8B;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;Ajax &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F53;&#x4F5C;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F53;&#x4F5C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x8005;&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x662F;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5C31;&#x7B49;&#x7740; Ajax &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x5F80;&#x4E0B;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF1B;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x662F;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5728;&#x53D1;&#x51FA; Ajax &#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5F80;&#x4E0B;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x5230; Ajax &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x518D;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x548C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;">&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x548C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;</h2>
<p>JavaScript &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x8FD8;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#xFF08;task queue&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x91CC;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#xFF08;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x3002;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x53EA;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x3002;&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x9996;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4F1A;&#x53BB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x7B49;&#x5230;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x53BB;&#x770B;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x91CC;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5C31;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x5B83;&#x5C31;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x7B49;&#x5230;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x518D;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x6E05;&#x7A7A;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5C31;&#x7ED3;&#x675F;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x6CD5;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x662F;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</p>
<p>JavaScript &#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;&#x7B54;&#x6848;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x505C;&#x5730;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x904D;&#x53C8;&#x4E00;&#x904D;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x53BB;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x6302;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x53EB;&#x505A;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#xFF08;Event Loop&#xFF09;&#x3002;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_loop" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x7EF4;&#x57FA;&#x767E;&#x79D1;</a>&#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;&#x201C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x548C;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x548C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#xFF08;a programming construct that waits for and dispatches events or messages in a program&#xFF09;&#x201D;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;">&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;</h2>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x603B;&#x7ED3;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;">&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;</h3>
<p>&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6700;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<code>f1</code>&#x548C;<code>f2</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x56FE;&#x662F;<code>f2</code>&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x7B49;&#x5230;<code>f1</code>&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f1</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f2</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
}

f1();
f2();
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x5728;&#x4E8E;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;<code>f1</code>&#x662F;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;<code>f2</code>&#x4F1A;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x7B49;&#x5230;<code>f1</code>&#x7ED3;&#x675F;&#x518D;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x6539;&#x5199;<code>f1</code>&#xFF0C;&#x628A;<code>f2</code>&#x5199;&#x6210;<code>f1</code>&#x7684;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f1</span>(<span class="hljs-params">callback</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
  callback();
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f2</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
}

f1(f2);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x70B9;&#x662F;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x3001;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x548C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x5229;&#x4E8E;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x548C;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#xFF0C;&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x9AD8;&#x5EA6;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupling_(computer_programming" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x8026;&#x5408;</a>)&#xFF08;coupling&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x6DF7;&#x4E71;&#x3001;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x96BE;&#x4EE5;&#x8FFD;&#x8E2A;&#xFF08;&#x5C24;&#x5176;&#x662F;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5D4C;&#x5957;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x76D1;&#x542C;">&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x76D1;&#x542C;</h3>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;&#x662F;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x9A71;&#x52A8;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E0D;&#x53D6;&#x51B3;&#x4E8E;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x53D6;&#x51B3;&#x4E8E;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x4EE5;<code>f1</code>&#x548C;<code>f2</code>&#x4E3A;&#x4F8B;&#x3002;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;<code>f1</code>&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#xFF08;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x7684; jQuery &#x7684;<a href="http://api.jquery.com/on/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x5199;&#x6CD5;</a>&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript">f1.on(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;done&apos;</span>, f2);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x8FD9;&#x884C;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;<code>f1</code>&#x53D1;&#x751F;<code>done</code>&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>f2</code>&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;<code>f1</code>&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6539;&#x5199;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f1</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  setTimeout(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
    <span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
    f1.trigger(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;done&apos;</span>);
  }, <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>);
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>f1.trigger(&apos;done&apos;)</code>&#x8868;&#x793A;&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;<code>done</code>&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>f2</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x70B9;&#x662F;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x201C;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoupling" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x53BB;&#x8026;&#x5408;</a>&#x201D;&#xFF08;decoupling&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x5229;&#x4E8E;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#x5316;&#x3002;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;&#x662F;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x90FD;&#x8981;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x9A71;&#x52A8;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x4F1A;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x5F88;&#x4E0D;&#x6E05;&#x6670;&#x3002;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5F88;&#x96BE;&#x770B;&#x51FA;&#x4E3B;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x8BA2;&#x9605;">&#x53D1;&#x5E03;/&#x8BA2;&#x9605;</h3>
<p>&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x6210;&#x201C;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x201C;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x5411;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#x201C;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x201D;&#xFF08;publish&#xFF09;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5411;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#x201C;&#x8BA2;&#x9605;&#x201D;&#xFF08;subscribe&#xFF09;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x53EB;&#x505A;&#x201D;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publish-subscribe_pattern" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x53D1;&#x5E03;/&#x8BA2;&#x9605;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;</a>&#x201D;&#xFF08;publish-subscribe pattern&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x53C8;&#x79F0;&#x201C;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer_pattern" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x8005;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;</a>&#x201D;&#xFF08;observer pattern&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x79CD;<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/hh201955.aspx" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;</a>&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F; Ben Alman &#x7684; <a href="https://gist.github.com/661855" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Tiny Pub/Sub</a>&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F; jQuery &#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x9996;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;<code>f2</code>&#x5411;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;<code>jQuery</code>&#x8BA2;&#x9605;<code>done</code>&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript">jQuery.subscribe(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;done&apos;</span>, f2);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;<code>f1</code>&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6539;&#x5199;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f1</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  setTimeout(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
    <span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
    jQuery.publish(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;done&apos;</span>);
  }, <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>);
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>jQuery.publish(&apos;done&apos;)</code>&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;<code>f1</code>&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5411;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;<code>jQuery</code>&#x53D1;&#x5E03;<code>done</code>&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x5F15;&#x53D1;<code>f2</code>&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<p><code>f2</code>&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53D6;&#x6D88;&#x8BA2;&#x9605;&#xFF08;unsubscribe&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript">jQuery.unsubscribe(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;done&apos;</span>, f2);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x8D28;&#x4E0E;&#x201C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x201D;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x4F18;&#x4E8E;&#x540E;&#x8005;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x201C;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x3001;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x8BA2;&#x9605;&#x8005;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;">&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;</h2>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF1A;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x9075;&#x5B88;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">async</span>(<span class="hljs-params">arg, callback</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; &apos;</span> + arg +<span class="hljs-string">&apos; , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&apos;</span>);
  setTimeout(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{ callback(arg * <span class="hljs-number">2</span>); }, <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>);
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;<code>async</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x8017;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x9700;&#x8981;1&#x79D2;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x516D;&#x4E2A;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x7684;<code>final</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x95EE;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5B89;&#x6392;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#xFF1F;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">final</span>(<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;: &apos;</span>, value);
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
    <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
      <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(<span class="hljs-number">4</span>, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
        <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(<span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
          <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(<span class="hljs-number">6</span>, final);
        });
      });
    });
  });
});
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; 1 , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; 2 , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; 3 , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; 4 , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; 5 , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; 6 , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5B8C;&#x6210;:  12</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x516D;&#x4E2A;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5D4C;&#x5957;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4EC5;&#x5199;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x9EBB;&#x70E6;&#xFF0C;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x51FA;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x96BE;&#x4EE5;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;">&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;</h3>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x5B83;&#x6765;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x53EB;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> items = [ <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>, <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">6</span> ];
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> results = [];

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">async</span>(<span class="hljs-params">arg, callback</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; &apos;</span> + arg +<span class="hljs-string">&apos; , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&apos;</span>);
  setTimeout(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{ callback(arg * <span class="hljs-number">2</span>); }, <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>);
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">final</span>(<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;: &apos;</span>, value);
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">series</span>(<span class="hljs-params">item</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(item) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>( item, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">result</span>) </span>{
      results.push(result);
      <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> series(items.shift());
    });
  } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> final(results[results.length - <span class="hljs-number">1</span>]);
  }
}

series(items.shift());
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<code>series</code>&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F1A;&#x4F9D;&#x6B21;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x90FD;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x4F1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>final</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;<code>items</code>&#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;<code>results</code>&#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x6CD5;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x516D;&#x79D2;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;">&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;</h3>
<p>&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x5230;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>final</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> items = [ <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>, <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">6</span> ];
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> results = [];

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">async</span>(<span class="hljs-params">arg, callback</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; &apos;</span> + arg +<span class="hljs-string">&apos; , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&apos;</span>);
  setTimeout(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{ callback(arg * <span class="hljs-number">2</span>); }, <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>);
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">final</span>(<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;: &apos;</span>, value);
}

items.forEach(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">item</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(item, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">result</span>)</span>{
    results.push(result);
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(results.length === items.length) {
      final(results[results.length - <span class="hljs-number">1</span>]);
    }
  })
});
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>forEach</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4F1A;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x53D1;&#x8D77;&#x516D;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x5230;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x4F1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>final</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x76F8;&#x6BD4;&#x800C;&#x8A00;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x6CD5;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x79D2;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x6548;&#x7387;&#x8F83;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x8D77;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x8F83;&#x4E3A;&#x8282;&#x7EA6;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x5728;&#x4E8E;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x8017;&#x5C3D;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF0C;&#x62D6;&#x6162;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x4E0E;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;">&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x4E0E;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;</h3>
<p>&#x6240;&#x8C13;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x4E0E;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x95E8;&#x69DB;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>n</code>&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x5C31;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x4E86;&#x8FC7;&#x5206;&#x5360;&#x7528;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> items = [ <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>, <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number">6</span> ];
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> results = [];
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> running = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> limit = <span class="hljs-number">2</span>;

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">async</span>(<span class="hljs-params">arg, callback</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; &apos;</span> + arg +<span class="hljs-string">&apos; , 1&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&apos;</span>);
  setTimeout(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{ callback(arg * <span class="hljs-number">2</span>); }, <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>);
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">final</span>(<span class="hljs-params">value</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;: &apos;</span>, value);
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">launcher</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span>(running &lt; limit &amp;&amp; items.length &gt; <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> item = items.shift();
    <span class="hljs-keyword">async</span>(item, <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">result</span>) </span>{
      results.push(result);
      running--;
      <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(items.length &gt; <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) {
        launcher();
      } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(running == <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) {
        final(results);
      }
    });
    running++;
  }
}

launcher();
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;<code>running</code>&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x4F4E;&#x4E8E;&#x95E8;&#x69DB;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x518D;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7B49;&#x4E8E;<code>0</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x90FD;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x5C31;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>final</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6BB5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4E09;&#x79D2;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x5904;&#x5728;&#x4E32;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x548C;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8C03;&#x8282;<code>limit</code>&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x6548;&#x7387;&#x548C;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x4F73;&#x5E73;&#x8861;&#x3002;</p>




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